What does the term "vacuum phenomenon" refer to?

The term "vacuum phenomenon" specifically describes the accumulation of gas within degenerating intervertebral discs. This phenomenon occurs due to the breakdown of the disc structure, which can lead to the formation of gas bubbles as a consequence of biochemical processes and alterations in disc pressure. As the intervertebral discs degenerate, they can experience loss of hydration and structural integrity, resulting in gas being released and subsequently trapped within the disc’s inner region. This finding is often visible on imaging studies like CT scans and can be indicative of underlying disc pathology.

Understanding this phenomenon is important, especially in the context of spinal imaging, as it may influence clinical decision-making regarding treatment options for patients with degenerative disc disease or related spinal conditions.